Recording apparatus.



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E. M. SHNTZ. RECORDING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 13| 1908.

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E. M. SGHANTZ.

RECORDING APPARATUS.

APPLIUATION FILED :mY/.13j 190e.

aientsd July 26, 1910.

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E. M. SCHANTZ.

RECORDING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION F11-BD Nov. 13, 190s.

Patented July 26, 1910.

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E. M. SCHANTZ.

RECORDING- APPARATUS.

APPLIGATION FILED Nov.13, 1908.

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RECORDING APPARATUS,

APPLICATION FILED Nov.13,19oe.

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E. M. SGHANTZ.

RECORDING APPARATUS.

APPLIGATION FILED Nov.13, 190s.

Patented July 26, 1910.

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E. M. SCHANTZ.

RECORDING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.1a, 190s.

Patented July 26, 1910.

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E. M. SGHANTZ.

RECORDING APPARATUS.

AyPLIoATIoN FILED Nov.13, moa.

Patented July 26, 1910.

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UNI@ STATES FATNT FFIQE.

EDWIN M. SCHANTZ, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO UNIVERSAL RECORDER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

RECORDING APPARATUS.

To all whom fit may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN M. SGHANTZ, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Recordino' Apparatus, of which the following is a specilication.

rfhe principal obj ect of my invention is to provide apparatus for indicating and recordinO various circumstances of work done or conditions existing in a factory or other place of business. I employ .a strip of paper which is fed slowly past apparatus adapted to mark characters upon the paper. rThis apparatus is actuated, electrically or otherwise, by machines, indicators, hand-operated and automatic switches, or any of these, so as to give a record on the moving strip of paper of the various events or conditions in the plant which it may seem advantageous to have recorded.

Stated otherwise, the object of my invention is to provide apparatus to synchronously record on a proper medium the various events happening or conditions existing in a plant and furthermore to record such events or conditions in a manner to indicate the proximate reason or cause for any failure in the proper' working of the plant, and also to indicate where credit should be given for its successful operation.

My invention resides in the general combination of apparatus to accomplish this purpose, and in the various sub-combinations of apparatus which contribute to the purpose stated.

The objects and nature of my invention will become further apparent on perusal of the following specication and claims, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a diagrammatic representation of a factory recording system. Fig. 2 is a record sheet showing the record as kept by my improved apparatus. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the recording machine. Fig. 4 is a perspective detail of the type anvil. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical section of the recording machine. Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view taken on the line G in Fig. 5 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the recording machine. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a de- Speccation of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 13, 1908.

Patented July 26, 1910. Serial No. 462,432.

tail. Fig. 9 is an end elevation of the recording machine. Fig. 10 is a side elevation of one end of the recording machine. Fig. 11 is a transverse section of the recording machine taken on the line 11 in Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrow. Figs. 12 and 13 are elevations of a relay. Fig. 1li is a cross section of the workmens timed recording switch box. Fig. 15 is a bottom view of a portion of the upper part of said box. Fig. 16 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 17 is a top plan view of the same box. Fig. 1S is an elevation of a governor. Fig. 19 is a perspective view of a rotating momentary contactor. Fig. Q0 is an elevation of a gage or indicator. Fig. 21 is a longitudinal section of an oscillatory momentary contacter. Fig. 22 is an elevation of a clock face. Fig. 23 is a perspective view of a hand for the clock. Fig. 24 is a perspective view of a vibratory contacter, and Fig. 25 is a perspective view showing the contactor applied to a steam whistle.

I will first proceed to describe my invention in a general way, having particular reference to the diagrammatic representation in Fig. 1 and the sample record sheet shown in Fig. 2. After having described the system as a whole, I will then proceed to take up in detail the structure of the various elements of apparatus employed, and explain them more particularly than can be done in connection with Figs. 1 and 2.

The record sheet 21 is fed along by clockwork, (not shown in Fig. 1) in the direction of the arrow. An anvil 22 is pivoted on a horizontal transverse axis above the record sheet 21. This anvil is shown in perspective detail in Fig. 4. Directly below the axis of the anvil 22 in the same vertical plane with said axis is a series of vertical plungers 23, 23, 23 adapted to push the record sheet 21 up against the anvil 22. Between the record sheet 21 and the anvil 22 is an ink ribbon 24e, and the anvil carries several rows of type 25, 25a, 25h, 25C, so that an upward thrust on any one of the plungers 23 will push the paper 21 against a type of one of these type-rows Q5, the ribbon 2lintervening, and will therefore cause the paper 21 to receive an impression from the type. As shown in Fig. 2 the record sheet 21 is marked in parallel longitudinal alternating numbered columns and lines, and for each of these there is a plunger 23. The numbers of the columns and lines are designated o. Corresponding to each plunger 23 is a magnet 26 adapted, through its armature 27, to actuate the plunger. At this point I will mention that in circuit with each magnet 26 is some piece of apparatus or some indicator and that a closure of any circuit by its apparatus or indicator causes a record to be made on the record sheet 21. This record sheet 21 is marked with minutes, as shown by the reference character w in Fig. 2, so that the time of the recorded event is at once apparent on inspection of the record sheet. For certain purposes it may be desirable to indicate different characters on the record sheet, so as to differentiate the events which cause those characters to be imprinted. This is done by rotating the anvil 22, and thus bringing different sets of type 25 above the plungers 23.

A crank arm 28 (broken away in Fig. 1) hangs down from the anvil 22 and carries an armature 29 at its lower end. Then this arm 28 hangs straight down the type 25 then in position, are adapted to print dots. Magnets 30, 31 and 32 are arranged toA act on the armature 29, and thus bring other type 25a, 25b or 25c in registering position above the plungers 23. When the armature 29 is drawn to the magnet 31, dash type will be brought in registry with the plungers 23. Ilnergization of the magnet 32 will bring double dash type into action, and the magnet 30 will bring circle type in active position.

Having described the most essential elements of the recording machine, which is represented generally as A,I will now describe the circuit closers which cause the circuits leading to the machine A to be energized. 33 represents a lever adapted to start a machine to operate. For example, this lever 33 may be the lever which controls the clutch for a belt wheel, from which a belt leads to a machine represented generally by B, as for example a reciprocatory saw. Vhen the lever 33 is thrown so as to cause the machine B to operate, the contact 34 will be closed, and thus the current will flow from the battery 35 through the main conductor 36 to the relay magnet 37, and thence through the closed Contact 34 and conductor 33 and through the contacts 39 and 40 back to the battery 35.

The governor 41 is intended to be driven by the factory engine, or from any shaft which is in motion while the factory as a whole is operating. Thus, when the factory is operating, as during the daytime, the governor 41 will take a position so as to close the contact 39. But, when the factory is shut down, as at night, the governor will take a position that will open the contact 39.

The wiper 43 rotates slowly, making for example, one revolution per minute; thus, it follows that when the contacts 39 and 34 are closed a complete closure of the circuit through the relay magnet 37 is effected momentarily once each minute by the closure of the contact 40. It is to be noted that if the wiper 43 should stop in a position to close the contact 40, the circuit would not remain closed, because at the same time the governor 41 would be stopped, and this would cause the circuit to open at 39. Once in each revolution, the wiper 43 opens the contact 42 for an instant only. The purpose of this will be explained later.

It will now be seen that when the factory is in operat-ion, and when the particular machine B controlled by the lever 33 is running, the relay magnet 37 will be energized momentarily once a minute. This will cause a momentary closure of the contact 44 which will close a circuit traced as follows: from the battery 35 along the main conductor 36, through the contact 44, back over the conductor 45, through contact 65 and magnet 26, thence by the conductor 46, through the contact 47, over the conductor 43, back to the battery 35. It follows that once-a minute the magnet 26 will be energized, thus by means of the plunger 23 pushing the paper 21 against the dot type 25. It is therefore apparent that once a minute the record paper will have a dot imprinted thereon. A series of dots spaced at one minute intervals on the record sheet, as shown at m in Fig. 2, indicates that the machine B corresponding to column 4 on the record sheet is running. If the dots are spaced wider apart than at one minute intervals, this shows that the machine B is running slow. But, in addition to showing whether the machine is running, I have arranged apparatus to indicate whether it is running idle, or is doing effective work. Assume, for example, that the machine having the control lever 33 is a rotary saw mounted to be oscillated manually on a pivotally suspended arm. I attach an oscillatory momentary contactor to the support-ing arm, and thus the circuit is closed only when the saw is being reciprocated by the workman in charge of it. This device is fully illustrated in Fig. 21. I will here state that it consists of a tube 49 containing mercury 50, and that each oscillation of the tube 49 causes the mercury 50 to electrically connect the terminal conductors 51 and 52. This has precisely the same effect as the closure of the contact 44, but occurs irregularly, so that the dots will appear on the paper irregularly as at .e in Fig. 2. Such an irregular series of dots indicates not only that the machine is running, but that it is doing effective work, whereas the regularly spaced dots as at m indicate that the machine is running idle.

In multiple with the contacts 44 and 51- 52 is a watchmans push button 53. It is obvious that if the machine were running, a push on this but-ton would simply introduce an additional dot on the record sheet 21 among those already described. But, at night when the machine is idle there will be no such dots as m or Z and therefore the dot made by the watchman pushing the button 53 will stand alone as indicated at ZJ in Fig. 2.

The apparatus represented generally by the letter C is similar to that represented by B, the relay magnet 37 being in multiple on the same circuit with the relay magnet- 37. The contact 44 is in series with the recording magnet 26 through the conductor 45, this circuit being completed through the battery 35 in multiple with the circuit already traced from the Contact 44. Titliout further explanation, it will at once be obvious that when lever 33 is in running position, the contact 44 will close at one minute intervals and cause corresponding dots on the recording sheet 21, but these dots will lie in a row at one side of those caused by the contact 44 and will thus indicate a different machine. Supposing, for example, that the machine C is a planer; when it is ruiming idle the idler rolls will stand still, but when lumber is being fed through, these same rolls will rotate. Un one of these rolls T attach a rotating momentary contactor, indicated generally by the reference numeral 54, and more fully illustrated in Fig. 19. then it is revolving the mercury 55 makes frequent momentary contacts between the ring 5G and the shaft 57, thus producing repeated closures of the circuit through the magnet 26, and thus making a dense series of more or less irregularly spaced dots on the paper, thereby indicating that the machine is working effectively. r

A vibratory contacter 53 is shown in th same relation to the machine C as the button 53 bears to machine B. This vibratory contactor may be placed for example in the floor where the watchman is expected to walk on his round through the factory, and he will thus involuntarily close it just as he voluntarily closes the button 53, and with the same effect. This vibratory contactor is illustrated in Fig. Q4.

A vibrating tongue 58 is attached to the whistle 59, so that when the whistle is blown the contact GO is intermittently closed, thus completing a circuit through the recording magnet 26. This produces a series of closely positioned dots a, 7L or u in Fig. 2. By their position in a certain line or column of the record sheet 21 they indicate that they relate to the whistle, and by their position longitudinally on the sheet they show the time at which the whistle was blown. I have mentioned tWo uses for a vibratory contacter as at 53 and 58-60, but it will be obvious that these are merely examples and that many other applications may be found for them in the general system.

Tnasmuch as the Whistle will ordinarily be blown at comparatively rare intervals, T make use of the same recording magnet, circuit, and line or column on the record sheet, to indicate when the factory engine or other prime mover is running. As previously explained, at such time the contact 89 is closed continuously, and the contact 40 is closed at one minute intervals, thus energizing the relay 37, closing the contact 44, energizing the magnet 26, and imprinting the regular one minute interval dots 7J in the appropriate column of the record sheet. Tt will be noted that the relays 3T, 37 and 3T produce like effects in their respective lines or columns of the record sheet Q1, except that 87 and 37 act only when the contacts 34 and 34 are closed, whereas 37 is permanently connected to the conductor 3S. The whistle and associated apparatus ai'e represented generally by the letter D.

1t is to be understood that the machines represented by the reference letters B, C and D are shown by way of example, and that other machines, differing more or less in detail and perhaps carrying other kinds of contactors might be similarly connected to other magnets 26, so as to produce their independent records in other columns or lines of the record sheet 21.

In addition to the foregoing function of recording the performance of the machines throughout the factory, my apparatus includes workmens time-recording mechanism and circuits. The switch box for this feature is fully illustrated in Figs. 14 to 1S) and represented generally in Fig. 1 by the letter E. Tt has a series of switch levers (5l, 61, 61 and 62, all of which are so arranged that they can be thrown from one side to the other only when the cover G3 of the box is raised. Each switch 61 is appropriated to a particular workman and the switch G2 has two positions, respectively, designated as u in and out.7 Preferably each machine in the factory has a number and is connected to record in the like numbered column of the record sheet, also the workman in charge of each machine has the same number, and he is expected to use the switch G1 bearing that number. Thus his own time record and the record of his machine will appear in one column of the record sheet. Then the workman comes into the factory, he raises the cover G3, and if the switch lever 62 is not already at the in position, he throws it over to that position. The act of raising the cover 63 also raises the insulating bar G4 which carries various contact members, as shown. Tt will at once be apparent that when the cover G3 is raised, the contacts G5,

, 65, 66 and 67 will all be opened, while the two contacts 68 will be closed. Thus, when the cover 63 is raised, the machines B, C and D are put on open circuit by the breaking of the contacts 65, and one or the other of the two magnets 3l and 32 is energized by the closure of the contacts 68, the circuit from the battery 35 being traced as follows: conductor -l8, magnet coil 31 or 32, contact 68, switch 62 and conductors 69 and 36 back to the battery 35. Hence when the cover 63 is raised, the armature 29 will be drawn over so as to bring either the type row 25a or 25b in registry with the row of plungers 23. The type 25aL are adapted to print double lines which mean out,7 while the type 25b are adapted to print single lines which mean in. See g and .s in Fig. 2. Having raised the cover 63, and if the switch 62 is not already at the appropriate position, having thrown it to that position, the workman swings a particular one of the switches 6l which has a number aapropriated to him, and thus momentarily closes the corresponding contact 70. This energizes the corresponding magnet 26 and prints "in or ont characters on the paper, the circuit being traced as follows: conductor 48, contact 47, conductor e6, magnet 26, contact 70, switch 6l and conductors 69 and 36 back to the battery 35. Thereafter, the workman closes down the cover 63 insuring a break in the contact 7 0 and restoring the various contacts on the insulating bar 6i to the position shown in Fig. l. An inspection of Fig. 2 shows the in marks g for about two dozen workmen at the beginning of the day and their out marks at the end of the day. Of course, when the machine is actually operating for time recording purposes, that is, when the cover 63 is raised, its operation for recording the performance of the machines B, G and D is interrupted, but these intervals are so brief as to create no objection.

In addition to the functions already described, the apparatus disclosed has mechanism and circuits for recording the readings of indicators for gages. For example, 7l and 7l represent steam gages, while 72 and 72 indicate temperature indicators. One of these will be described somewhat in detail, and this will sutlice for all of them. See in this connection Fig. 20. Metallic sectors 73, 74, &c., are insulated from one another and arranged in a circumferential row on the dial face of the steam gage 71. From each sector 73, 7e, &c., conductors 73 lead the respective conductors 45 and thence to respective magnets 26. As will be seen in Fig. 20 each sector 7 3, 74, etc., corresponds to ten pounds of added steam pressure. The pointer 76 of the steam gage 71,-is electrically connected to two opposite contact terminals 77 and 78 on the clock face 79, (see Figs. l and 22) this clock preferably being the same as the one which drives the recording sheet 21. This clock 79 has its hand 8O electrically connected through the contacts 66 to the battery 35. The same branch conductor 75 which goes to the segment 73 on the indicator 7l has similar branches in multiple going to corresponding segments on all the other indicators, thus connecting one set of corresponding segments 73, 7e to one conductor 45 and magnet 26. Other sets of segments 73, 7st are connected similarly to other magnets 26. Around the periphery of the clock face 79 are arranged other pairs of contact terminals, similar to 77 and 78, from which conductors lead, respectively, to the pointers of the various indicators 71, 72 and 72. Opposite each of the contact terminals 77, 78 are other contact terminals 8l, all connected together electrically and thence connected through the contacts 67 to the relay magnet 82, from which the conductor 83 leads to the battery 35.

Alaving described the structure of the additional apparatus necessary for recording the readings of indicators and gages, I will now describe how this feature of my invention works. 'When the clock hand 8O touches the contacts 77 and 81, two circuits are closed as follows. (l) From the battery 35 over the conductor 83 through relay magnet 82, contact 67, contacts 8l, 80, contact 66, back to the battery 35, thus causing a closure of contact 85-86 as will be explained more fully later. (2) From the battery 35 through the conductor 84, contact 66, contact 80, 77, indicator hand 76, segment 74, conductor 45', contact 65, magnet 26, conductor 46, armature lever 85, Contact terminal 86, conductor 83, back to battery 35. It will be observed that the closure of the iirst mentioned of the two circuits energizes the relay 82, thus completing the second circuit at 85-86. But, before the contact 85-86 is closed, the contact 87 is closed, hence the magnet 30 is energized and immediately thereafter the magnet 26 is energized by the closure of contact 85-86. The energization of the magnet 30 attracts the armature 29 to a position where it brings the circle type 25c in registry with the plungers 23. The ensuing energization of the magnet 26 prints a circle on the paper 21. The position of this circle transversely on the paper corresponds to the particular segment 74s of the segments 73, 74, &c. Thus, for example, the circle designated f in Fig. 2 indicates a steam pressure of from seventyfive to eighty-live pounds. If the pressure had lain between eighty-live and ninety-five pounds, the pointer 76 would have made contact with the next segment on the steam gage 7l, and thus the next magnet 26 would have been energized and the circle would have been printed a half column to the right of where it appears in Fig. 2. The particular indicator which sends in its record is shown by the abbreviations Pres 1,77 rlem l, Pres 2, Tem 2 printed on the right of record sheet 2l. lnasmuch as the conductors leading from the hands of the various indicators 7l, 7l', 72, 72, go to contact terminals placed at different points around the clockface 79, it will be seen that these records occur in succession for the various indicators 7l, 7l', '72 and 72, and hence the records appear in cyclic order on the paper 2l and are therefore indicated by the abbreviations, as just stated. Thus, the circle c means that at forty-nine minutes past the hour the temperature indicator number 2 had a temperature of approximately 900 F.

Referring particularly to Fig. 2, which represents a sample record made by the apparatus as described, l will now point out the interpretation of the various recorded marks thereon. The record sheet moves under the printing type 25 in the direction indicated by the arrow F. During the night as the watclnnan goes from one station to another operating in succession the various buttons or vibrators 53, 53, the dots are produced thereby, thus giving a record of his movements. lt will be noticed that the series of dots l) ends at the rightof the sheet and recommences at Z at the left of the sheet as the watchman passes from push button No. 2l back to llo. l. The absence of the dot at c indicates a failure to push the button No. 3.

The close irregularly positioned dots a, /L and u indicate when the whistle was blown. The small. circle c indicates that at fortynine minutes past eight oclock, temperature indicator No. 2 showed a temperature of approximately 900 F. The circle means that at fifty-six minutes after eight oclock, pressure indicator No. 2 showed a pressure of approximately eighty pounds and similai'ly for the other circles.

The double dashes g indicate when the various workmen recorded their presence on entering the factory,-for example, this record shows that workman No. 10 entered at about lire and one half minutes after eight oclock. The absence of any double dash at a' shows that workman No. l5 did not report.

The spaced dots indicate where machines Nos. l, 2, 3 and at started and ran idle for a few minutes. m indicates that machine No. i continued to run idle for a considerable length of time. The closely positioned irregularly spaced dots Z, e, &c., show where machines were running and doing useful work. rPhe spaced dots 0 and 7) indicate a temporary cessation of useful work by machines l and 3. The memorandum Out of material and Sharpening tool indicate the excuses given by the workman, and written in by an attendant on the record sheet. The regularly spaced dots L indicate when the factory, as a whole, was running. The breaks at g and 7 show when the factory, as a whole, was shut down. The wider spacing at .2/ indicates that the engine was ruiming slowly, and the memorandum Het crank pin explains the reason. he single dashes s indicate the times at which the workmen registered on leaving the factory. It will be noted that there is a blank at zi for workman No. l5.

Vhile I have distinguished the idle operation of a machine from the useful operation thereof by recording an irregular closely positioned series of dots for the former and regularly spaced dots for the latter, it will be obvious that the distinction might be made in other ways. For example, the momentary contactors illustrated in connection with machines B and C might make very regularly spaced dots, the series being distinguished from the widely spaced dots only by the greater frequency.

To illustrate the great utility of the combined record made by this apparatus, I mention the following hypothetical example. A n unusually wide spacing of the dots on the record sheet at 7:15 in the morning indicates that the engine was running at only half speed. Also the record shows that a certain employee registered in at 7:10 a. in. and at 7:12 he has his machine running at the slow speed, but not producing work. 2in investigation as to the cause of this may be made on the record sheet itself, for it will disclose that at this time the boiler pressure was only eighty pounds when it should have been one hundred pounds, and an hour previously the temperature recorder indicates that there was no fire in the boiler furnace. Also the record shows that no whistle was blown at six oclock in the morning and vthat the watchman had not been on duty since three oclock in the morning. Knowing that it is the duty of the watchman to start the fire in the furnace at tive oclock, it may be inferred that all the irregularities noted are due to his delinquency. lVhen the fireman came on duty there was not enough steam in the boiler to blow the whistle, and hence the employee had an excuse for oversleeping and being late. The employees machine is not doing useful work, because the engine is running too slow, and the engine is running slowly because of insufficient boiler pressure.

Having described my system in a general way, and having discussed the work accomplished thereby, I will now take up certain of the elements of the apparatus and describe them somewhat in detail. The recording machine, represented generally, in Fig. l by the letter A, is illustrated in Figs. 3 to ll inclusive. On the base 88 stand the legs 89 supporting the table 90, which has guide flanges 91 at its sides. At one end is a feed paper roll 92 rotatably mounted in brackets 93, from which the paper 21 passes to the top of the table going around the curved end 94. There is an opening 96 in the table 90, projecting up through which is an idle roller 97 carried on the arm 98, which are pivoted on the shaft 99. The depending arm 100 is adjustably engaged by the tension spring 101 and thumb screw 102, thus tending to push the roller 97 up against the opposed roller 103, the latter being carried by the shaft 104 which is mounted in the brackets 105. This shaft 104 is driven or controlled in its rotation by the clock 106, the milled head 107 being also provided so that the shaft can be turned by hand when desired. A catch 102L is provided to lock the idle roller 97 down when that may be desirable for the purpose of manipulating the record paper 21. The two rollers 97 and 103 preferably have their peripheries roughened, which causes them to tightly engage the paper 21 and feed it from the roller 92 lengthwise across the table 90. At the opposite end of the table the paper 21 passes around the idle roll 108 and thence to the winding drum 109.

Within the drum 110 is a clock spring having one end attached to the shaft 111 and the other end attached to the gear wheel 116. The end 112 of the shaft 111 is adapted to be engaged by a key for winding the said spring. A ratchet 113 on the shaft 111 and a pawl 115 on the standard 114 serve to keep the spring wound so that its tendency is to rotate the gear wheel 116, thus tending to rot-ate the winding drum 109 through the intermediate gears 117 and 118. The intermediate O'ear wheel 117 has a shoulder on its shaft 119, and against this shoulder a belt pulley 120 is clamped by means of the screw 121 and the clamp nut 122. The band 123 passing from the pulley 120 goes to the pulley 124 on the shaft 125. The ribbon 24 has one end adapted to wind upon the shaft 125, while the opposite end unwinds from the idle shaft 127, the intermediate part of the ribbon passing under the two idle rollers 126 close to the paper 21. The ribbon shaft 127 has a milled head 128 with a crank 129, so that after the ribbon is wound upon the shaft the pulley 120 can be released by loosening the nut 122, and then by means of the handle 129 the ribbon can be wound back upon the shaft 127.

The paper winding drum 109 is made removable, one end fitting upon the shoulder 131 which is carri-ed by the shaft 130 of the driving gear 118. This shaft also carries a ratchet wheel 132, which is adapted to be engaged by a dog 133. At its opposite end the winding drum 109 has a point 134 adapted to be engaged by a socket in the end of the sliding bar 135, the latter being held in place by the spring 137. The bar 135 has a head 136 by which it may be withdrawn in order to introduce or remove the winding drum 109.

The spring in the drum 110 tends to rotate the winding drum 109 in a direct-ion to keep a tension on the paper 21. Hence when the drum is removed, or when it is desired to slacken the paper 21, the dog 133 is provided so that it can be thrown over in engagement with the ratchet 132, and thus prevent rotation of the gear wheel 118.

At one side, near one end, the table 90 has a horizontal extension 138, on which is pivoted at 139 a leaf 138 adapted to swing inwardly above the table 90. It will be observed that the paper passes a considerable distance after it receives its record at 22 before passing around the idle roller 108. Thus the recent record on the paper is easily visible upon the table 90 and if it is desired to make any memoranda the leaf 138 can be swung across so as to afford a rest for the hand. It will be noted that the corner 140 of the leaf 138 is rounded, so as to avoid interference with the iange 91. Directly above the paper 21 and the ribbon 24 is the anvil 22 which is shown inverted in perspective in Fig. 4. Directly below the aXis of the anvil 22 is a series of holes 141 in the table 90, which serve as guides for the upper ends of the plunger 23, the cross bar 147 acting as a lower guide. A soft iron plate 142 is fastened under the table 90, and to this the pole pieces of the magnets 26 are attached by means of the screws 143. The

armatures 27 of the magnets 26 are pivoted in two series at the sides upon the horizontal shafts 144. 14n inspection of Fig. 6 will show that the magnets are staggered, and that the ends 146 of the armatures 26 lap past one another, so that a very close arrangement of the plungers 23 is secured and yet space is found for the magnets 26. The transverse bars constitute back stops for the armatures 127. Figs. 3, 7 and 11 show the magnets 30, 31 and 32, all having a common soft iron yoke plate 149 supported by the side frame 148.

The relay designated as 82-85 in Fig. 1 is illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13. On the base 150 is the yoke 151 which carries the magnet coils 82. The armature 85 is carried by a pivoted arm 155. This arm is connected to the conductor 46 and carries one member of the contact 47, the other being carried by the fixed standard 156. Attached by insulation 157 to the extremity of the arm 155 is a conductor terminal 158, being' one member of the contact 87. Thus, it will be seen that when the armature 85 is attracted, first contact 47 is broken, second contact 87 is closed, and third contact 86 is closed.

I will now describe the workmens time recording switch box as illustrated in Figs. 14 to 17 inclusive. The switch box comprises two superposed sections 160 and 161, hinged together at 162. The upper section has a bottom 161awith openings 161b therethrough. The handles of the switches 61 and 62 (see Fig. 1) project up through these openings 161k. In the lower compartment 160 are the contact terminals 70 which are engaged by the buttons 61n when the handles 61 are thrown. The various switches or contacts 65, 65, 65, 66 and 67 are of the knife blade switch type shown in Fig. 1%. All these knife blade switches 65 are pivoted at 166 and carried by the insulating bar 6% which is connected to the hinged cover 68 of the box by means of the link 16st,-this link having pin and slot connections 168 and 165 at its ends. Thus, it will be seen that when the cover 68 of the box is opened, the knife blades 65 will be raised and the switches opened. However, at this time the contacts 68 will be closed, see Figs. 1% and 16. The two contacts for the switch 62 are designated 167 in Fig. 15.

The governor and the periodic (one minute) circuit closure are shown in Fig. 18. The collar 168 rises when the centrifugal force of the balls throws them out compressing the spring 169, but when the balls do not rotate, their weight and the spring 169 act together to force the collar 168 down. The tension spring 173, acting on the knife blade 172, pushes the plunger 171 up against the lever 170, keeping the blade 172 in the jaws 174, and thus closing the contact L19 when the collar 168 is up, that is, when the balls i11 are being rotated by the driving pulley 175. But, when rotation ceases the collar 168 will fall and push the blade 172 out from the jaws 1711, this breaking the contact 49. The shaft of the pulley 175 carries a worm 176, which engages the worm wheel 177, thus rotating it slowly. The arm 178 is held in the position shown in Fig. 18 by the tension spring 179, but in each revolution the stud 13 on the worm wheel 177 pushes the arm 178 over so that the spring terminal 180 closes the contact 40. The circuits through the magnets 26 are broken at 42 for an instant only, once in each revolution of stud 43. The purpose is to release the paper 21 in case it is held back by the pressure of plungers 23.

I will now describe the rotating momentary contactor shown in section in connection with machine C in Fig. 1. This is shown in perspective partly broken away in Fig. 19. The metal ring 56 is clamped between insulating disks 181, and the insulating` sector shaped blocks 182 are arranged as shown. As the device rotates the mercury 155 in flowing between the insulating blocks 182, and the central shaft 57 will establish a metallic connection between said shaft and the ring` 57. However, it will be seen that this connection is necessarily intermittent, because if the device stops rotating the mercury will not rest permanently against the shaft 57.

1 will now describe the oscillatory momentary contacter illustrated in Fig. 2l and indicated diagrammatieally at l5 in Fig. 1. fr metal block 4:9 has two holes 49a drilled in from the ends and meeting at an angle. The ends of these holes are closed by studs 51 and the conductor 186 is attached at 187 by means of solder. rThrough insulating bushings 189, the screws 52 pass into the chamber #193. The conductor 188 is attached to these screws by lock nuts 189. Tt will be seen that when the block 49 is oscillated laterally, the mercury 50 will be shot over from one side into the other, its contour being somewhat as indicated by the dotted lines in F 23. Art such time, the mercury will establish a metallic connection between the blocks a9 and one of the screws 52.

Fig. 2O shows a steam gage with the insulated metallic segments 73, 74 arranged to be touched in succession by the index or pointer 76. This illustrates how the gages '71, 71, 72 and 72 of Fig. 1 are constructed.

Fig. shows the arrangement of the contact terminals 77, 78 and 81 in the clock face 79. The various conductors connecting` these terminals are arranged on the back side of the clock face, which is preferably made of fiber or other insulating` material.

Fig. 23 shows the long hand of the clock with contact wipersl 191 attached thereto.

Figs. 21 and show the vibrator as attached to the steam whistle. 192 is a small slab of insulating material through which the adjustable contact point 6() passes. The vibrating tongue 195 carries a weight 58 at its end and the adjustment of the screw 66 is such that the slight vibration of the tongue 195 will cause it to touch the screw 60, and thus intermittently close a circuit.

It will be readily understood that many variations can be made in the detail arrangements of this apparatus, without departing from the invention herein disclosed and claimed. T will mention a few examples of such changes that might be made. 1t may be found desirable to substitute a star wheel enacting with a series of perforations in the record sheet 21 in place of the two wheels 108 and 97, which engage the paper frictionally. Tt may be desirable in some cases to arrange the contact 3-1 on the lever so that the circuit will be closed when the lever' is in the off position. In this case it would be necessary to change the contact 4.4 so that it would close on the back stop of the relay instead of on the front stop. For the sake of avoiding obscurity, T have frequently employed specific terms in the following claims. For example, 1 mention the contact 33, as a starting lever. But l desire to have it understood that in this` case and in similar cases l mean to include under such a term all equivalents. For example, under the term starting lever,7 mean to include any7 element whose condition is changed when the machine B is running, as compared with when it is idle.

In many instances the dots impressed on the record sheet by the plunger 23 are made so frequently that they merge together in one continuous straight line, but for the sake of clearness in explanation, I have shown more or less spacing in Fig. 2. f it should happen that the circuit of any magnet 26 becamev permanently closed, this would hold the paper fixed between the corresponding plunger 23 and the type anvil 22, ane the paper would buckle between this point and the drive roller 104. But, by opening all the circuits of the magnets 26 at 42 once every minute, this effect is prevented from becoming cumulative.

The circuit is broken at 47 before it is made at 87, in order to be sure that no plunger 23 will be in engagement with the type anvil 22 when the anvil is shifted. Thereafter the circuit is closed at S6, thus reversing the connection of the battery 35 in its connection to the magnets 26. lhile the contact S6 is closed, any closure of a momentary contacter at C will momentarily short-circuit the battery 35, the circuit being traced as follows; from battery 35 over conductor 84, through contact G6, contact E30-77, contact T6-74, conductor 45, back through momentary contactor at C, and thence by a conductor 3G back to battery 35. This short-circuiting of the battery will momentarily release plunger 23', but inasmuch as the contact 80-77 is maintained for at least several seconds, the plunger 28 will be sure to malte its record.

it will be observed that the apparatus is so arranged that no plunger 23 presses for any considerable length or time against the anvil 22, and thus the proper feeding of the paper 2l is not interfered with.

ln the following claims have referred to a rectangular array of type meaning an arrangement of type in rows and columns. A reference to Fig. lof the drawings shows an example of this.

I claim:

1. In recording apparatus, means to give a record sheet a substantially continuous movement, type adapted to print at definite positions on said sheet, means to print from said type in accordance with certain conditions which it is desired to have indicated, and means operative at any time and at once to vary the character of a type in a particular position so as to further distinguish the indications on the record sheet.

2. In recording apparatus, clock mechanism to drive a record sheet, type adapted to print at definite positions on said sheet, means to print from said type in accordance with certain conditions which it is desired to have indicated on the sheet, and means operative at any time and at once to vary the character of a type in a particular position so as to further distinguish the indications on the record sheet.

3. In recording apparatus, means to give a record sheet a substantially continuous movement, a series of type arranged transversely in printing position near said sheet, means to print from particular type in accordance with certain conditions which it is desired to have indicated on the record sheet, and means operative at any time and at once to vary the character of a type in a particular position so as to further distinguish the indications on the record sheet.

t. In recording apparatus, means to give a record sheet a substantially continuous movement, a series of type arranged in printing position across said sheet, means to print from particular type in accordance with certain conditions to be indicated on the sheet, additional type in proximity to said first mentioned type, and means operative at any time and at once to substitute said additional type for the others so as to further distinguish the indications on the record sheet.

5. In recording apparatus, means to give a record sheet a substantially continuous movement, a type anvil adjacent to said sheet, said anvil having parallel rows of type extending transversely to the direction of movement of the sheet, the type in dierent rows being diiferent, means to shift the anvil so as to bring a particular row of type into printing position in accordance with a particular class of conditions to be indicated, and means to print from a particular type in the selected row in accordance with the condition to be indicated.

6. ln recording apparatus, means to give a record sheet a` substantially continuous movement, a rectangular array of type near said sheet, means to shift said array so as to bring a particular row thereof into printing position in accordance with conditions to be indicated on the paper, and means to print from a particular type of the selected row so as to still further distinguish the indications on the record sheet.

7. In recording apparatus, means to move a record sheet uniformly in one direction, a plurality of printing plungers arranged transversely across said sheet, corresponding electromagnets to actuate said plungers, circuits for said magnets, condition indicating circuit closers in said circuits, a plurality of rows of type adapted to be actuated by 

